Our comprehensive guide to CSS flexbox layout. This complete guide explains everything about flexbox, focusing on all the different possible properties for the parent element (the flex container) and the child elements (the flex items). It also includes history, demos, patterns, and a browser support chart.
Most importantly, the flexbox layout is direction-agnostic as opposed to the regular layouts (block which is vertically-based and inline which is horizontally-based). While those work well for pages, they lack flexibility (no pun intended) to support large or complex applications (especially when it comes to orientation changing, resizing, stretching, shrinking, etc.).
flex magazine pdf
This establishes the main-axis, thus defining the direction flex items are placed in the flex container. Flexbox is (aside from optional wrapping) a single-direction layout concept. Think of flex items as primarily laying out either in horizontal rows or vertical columns.
This defines the alignment along the main axis. It helps distribute extra free space leftover when either all the flex items on a line are inflexible, or are flexible but have reached their maximum size. It also exerts some control over the alignment of items when they overflow the line.
This defines the default behavior for how flex items are laid out along the cross axis on the current line. Think of it as the justify-content version for the cross-axis (perpendicular to the main-axis).
This defines the ability for a flex item to grow if necessary. It accepts a unitless value that serves as a proportion. It dictates what amount of the available space inside the flex container the item should take up.
If all items have flex-grow set to 1, the remaining space in the container will be distributed equally to all children. If one of the children has a value of 2, that child would take up twice as much of the space either one of the others (or it will try, at least).
Flexbox should have been less crazy about flex-basis vs width/height. Perhaps: if width/height is auto, use flex-basis; otherwise, stick with width/height as an inflexible size. (This also makes min/max width/height behavior fall out of the generic definition.)
@Lawrence at the point of using flex does IE8 not become a problem already? I think the grid solution could be solved with nth-child. Then using media queries to make appropriate adjustments based on the users screen.
align-content: (possible values)flex-start: lines packed to the start of the containerflex-end: lines packed to the end of the containercenter: lines packed to the center of the containerspace-between: lines evenly distributed; the first line is at the start of the container while the last one is at the endspace-around: lines evenly distributed with equal space around each linestretch (default)
flex-direction: row row-reverse column column-reverse row (default): left to right in ltr; right to left in rtl row-reverse: right to left in ltr; left to right in rtl column: same as row but top to bottom column-reverse: same as row-reverse but top to bottom
Would you happen to know how I could code in a horizontal split ( like they have on Code Pen ) that separates the top of the window and the bottom of the window and moves fluidly when the bar is moved, with flexbox framework? Any help would be appreciated, thanks!
Perhaps not the best place to ask, but I am struggling with making a responsive flexbox fluid layout. What I want is 3 breakpoints like this:1) 3 rows (containers vertical, small screen)2) 2 columns, 2 rows (medium screen)3) 3 columns (large screen)1 en 3 are easy, I just change the flex-direction from column to row. But how about 2)?So basically it must look like:
Gonna answer my own question. The reason I could not get it to work is because IE11 does not like a max-width to be set on any flex-item. If you do, it wrongly calculates the space around or between the items.
-webkit-box-orient: vertical; -moz-box-orient: vertical; -webkit-box-direction: normal; -moz-box-direction: normal; -webkit-flex-direction: column; -ms-flex-direction: column; flex-direction: column;
So I was wandering, is there a good way of making the child elements of the flex grid not automatically span to the full width of the page. Only specifying widths every time is not very effective. No one should have to add a width: 1px; to every element within if they want it to behave properly.
overflow:hidden;margin:0 auto;margin-top:70px;width:880px;padding: 0;justify-content:space-between;list-style: none;display: -webkit-box;display: -moz-box;display: -ms-flexbox;display: -webkit-flex;
I noticed when declaring flex property for parent that hold some elements (for example ul is flex, li are flex items (they are inline or inline-block)), when I set to some list item margin-right:auto, it push all other elements to the edge of the parent container?
After looking a little closer at the numbers it was applying, the first thing I noticed was that the flex-grow/flex-shrink is a ratio of these values amongst all children in that flexbox for that specific property. The grow and shrink values have nothing to do with each other.
Try adding a background color to the .navigation a and you will see that they are not the same. Using inline-block keeps you dependent on the browser default use of extra space left and right of inline li elements. This rendering can be fixed by floating the li elements, but flexbox is a nicer (modern) way of achieving that effect.
Hi , I need to align all elements inside flex container to each other. Suppose I have made two div of equal height using flex and now I want to make the all the elements inside the div to align to each each other. Is that possible?
Hi, great tutorial.Is it possible to use flex to make a perfect grid with some square boxes of side double than other square boxes. The grid is supposed to contain only two kind of boxes-small and big(with side double to that of small box).
Hello. GREAT STUFF!Been using this website for a while, always coming back when i need a refresher.My questions is: Using display flex on a element while having the element styled to have FIRST-LETTER colored, WHICH it is at mobile screen cause im only calling the display at medium-up. So at those larger sizes, although the first-letter styles are still applied, the flex box gets rid of the styles. Why is this so?Thank you!
Wow. Just started to look at using flexbox as I update some educational materials I began 22 years ago (yes html2!) from html 4 to html 5. Been overwhelmed at the change from frames to div. But your site puts things in the language a non-programmer teacher can use to update to something other than frames. Thanks for such a well done site. Now lets get my hands dirty and brain overloaded. My main frame page is 11 frames.
Hi,I enjoyed your tutorial. However, how do i make the flex boxes within the container different in size? I understand flex-grow controls the size, but if I give 2 and 6 to container 1 and 2, the third container is disregards whatever flex-control gives it.
What happens to justified text (text-align style) with line breaks inside a div or span flex container?If this text contains a (or \n in the json file) is displayed using innerHTML (dynamically) from a json file by JavaScript into the div element of the HTML, though the css or javascript styled the div element, the text is only text-aligned left (the justified styling is turned off)I.e., is there a way to maintain justified text in a flexbox container when the content is loaded dynamically using javascript?
A nice and comprehensive article. I have a question, which is outside the scope of flexbox, and that is, how did you draw those diagrams in your article? Which software did you use to make these diagrams?
Since last few days I have been trying to use flexbox for a specific requirement I have. Most of the posts about flex-box assume that the child elements fit comfortably inside the flex-box container element, but in my case the child elements can potentially add up to a size larger than the flex-box. So here is a example:
This page is great! I have no count for how many times I have returned to it. Glad it shows up on top on Google search, so I can always find it. Brilliantly done to show the difference between the container and the items. Nice illustrations. The only page needed when flexing CSS. Thank you!
Great note! saved as a bookmark. I want to know, how to use flexbox to get the remaining whitespace to fillup with items. Suppose I have 10 images, and in a row, 3 items are shown, if the image sizes are not same, there are white spaces in each row. How to solve that?
i like flex because it can wrap responsively while maintaining a fixed gap between each item. That only works WITHOUT your margin: auto style. I believe grid layout gives the adaptive gap-width that you prefer by default, again WITHOUT your margin: auto style.
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